Sao Paulo is a major city and capital of Sao Paulo state in Brazil. It is situated in the hills of the Serra do Mar about 354 kilometres southwest of Rio de Janeiro and about 50 kilometres inland from the port of Santos in south eastern Brazil and has a population of approximately 17.5million people. It is the largest city of the Southern Hemisphere. Sao Paulo's leading industries produce textiles, mechanical and electrical appliances, furniture, foodstuffs, and chemical and pharmaceutical products. There are also heavy metallurgical plants, oil refineries and chemical plants, and plants manufacturing motor vehicles and farm machinery in the outlying regions.